Article Sidebar

Submitted
October 20, 2024
Accepted
October 20, 2024
Published
October 21, 2024
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 501 Download : 294

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) continues to be a predominant
cause of global morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the association between the thickness
of pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) and the intensity and spread of CAD.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Sulaimanyah Cardiac Hospital
from January to December 2023. A total of 100 patients undergoing their first coronary
angiography due to chest pain were recruited. The collection of data encompassed interviews,
physical assessments, laboratory tests, electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, and coronary
angiographies.
Results: Patients were categorized based on PAT thickness into two groups: PAT ≤ 0.3 cm 20
(20%) and PAT > 0.3 cm 80 (80%). Significant findings included higher rates of systemic
hypertension (p=0.02), Waist circumference (WC) (p< 0.001), metabolic syndrome (p=0.003),
atypical chest pain (p<0.01), abdominal obesity (p<0.01), and ischemic ECG finding (p=0.02) in
the thicker PAT group. Echocardiographic and angiographic assessments revealed a significant
association between increased PAT thickness and greater prevalence and severity of CAD. Notably,
the presence of CAD correlated significantly with PAT thickness (r=0.350, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Increased PAT thickness is associated with the severity and extent of CAD,
suggesting that PAT could serve as a potential marker for cardiovascular risk stratification

Keywords

Abdominal Obesity Cardiovascular Risk Coronary Angiography Hypertension Metabolic Syndrome

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2024 University of Thi-Qar Journal Of Medicine

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

References

  1. References
  2. Ahmad Mir M, Altaf Dar M, Afshana Q. Exploring the Landscape of Coronary Artery
  3. Disease: A Comprehensive Review. American Journal of Biomedicine and Pharmacy.
  4. Shahjehan RD, Bhutta BS. Coronary Artery Disease. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL) with
  5. ineligible companies. Disclosure: Beenish Bhutta declares no relevant financial relationships with
  6. ineligible companies.: StatPearls Publishing, Copyright © 2024, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2024.
  7. Ralapanawa U, Sivakanesan R. Epidemiology and the Magnitude of Coronary Artery
  8. Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Journal of epidemiology and global
  9. health. 2021;11(2):169-77. https://doi.org/10.2991%2Fjegh.k.201217.001
  10. Lima Dos Santos CC, Matharoo AS, Pinzón Cueva E, Amin U, Perez Ramos AA, Mann
  11. NK, et al. The Influence of Sex, Age, and Race on Coronary Artery Disease: A Narrative Review.
  12. Cureus. 2023;15(10):e47799. https://doi.org/10.7759%2Fcureus.47799
  13. de Oliveira Laterza Ribeiro M, Correia VM, Herling de Oliveira LL, Soares PR, Scudeler
  14. TL. Evolving Diagnostic and Management Advances in Coronary Heart Disease. Life.
  15. ;13(4):951. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13040951
  16. Serruys P, Hara H, Garg S, Kawashima H, Nørgaard B, Dweck M, et al. Coronary
  17. Computed Tomographic Angiography for Complete Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease.
  18. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2021;78:713-36.
  19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.06.019
  20. Edvardsen T, Asch FM, Davidson B, Delgado V, DeMaria A, Dilsizian V, et al. Noninvasive imaging in coronary syndromes: recommendations of the European Association of
  21. Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography, in collaboration with the
  22. American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and
  23. Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular
  24. Imaging. 2022;23(2):e6-e33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2021.12.012
  25. Krauz K, Kempiński M, Jańczak P, Momot K, Zarębiński M, Poprawa I, et al. The Role of
  26. Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Acute Coronary Syndromes, Post-Infarct Remodeling and Cardiac
  27. Regeneration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024;25(7):3583.
  28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073583
  29. Liu J, Fox CS, Hickson D, Sarpong D, Ekunwe L, May WD, et al. Pericardial adipose
  30. tissue, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease risk factors: the Jackson heart study. Diabetes
  31. care. 2010;33(7):1635-9. https://doi.org/10.2337%2Fdc10-0245
  32. Szabo L, Salih A, Pujadas ER, Bard A, McCracken C, Ardissino M, et al. Radiomics of
  33. pericardial fat: a new frontier in heart failure discrimination and prediction. European Radiology.
  34. ;34(6):4113-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-023-10311-0
  35. Muzurović EM, Vujošević S, Mikhailidis DP. Can We Decrease Epicardial and Pericardial
  36. Fat in Patients With Diabetes? Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
  37. ;26(5):415-36. https://doi.org/10.1177/10742484211006997
  38. Ahn S-G, Lim H-S, Joe D-Y, Kang S-J, Choi B-J, Choi S-Y, et al. Relationship of epicardial
  39. adipose tissue by echocardiography to coronary artery disease. Heart. 2008;94(3):e7-e.
  40. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2007.118471
  41. Grundy SM, Brewer HB, Cleeman JI, Smith SC, Lenfant C. Definition of Metabolic
  42. Syndrome. Circulation. 2004;109(3):433-8. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56782
  43. Neglia D, Rovai D, Caselli C, Pietila M, Teresinska A, Aguadé-Bruix S, et al. Detection of
  44. significant coronary artery disease by noninvasive anatomical and functional imaging. Circulation
  45. Cardiovascular imaging. 2015;8(3). https://doi.org/10.1161/circimaging.114.002179
  46. Klein LW, Krone RJ. Angiographic characterization of lesion morphology. Cardiac
  47. Interventions Today. 2008;8:44-9.
  48. Rämö JT, Kany S, Hou CR, Friedman SF, Roselli C, Nauffal V, et al. The Cardiovascular
  49. Impact and Genetics of Pericardial Adiposity. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences.
  50. :1-34. https://doi.org/10.1101%2F2023.07.16.23292729
  51. Tarsitano MG, Pandozzi C, Muscogiuri G, Sironi S, Pujia A, Lenzi A, et al. Epicardial
  52. Adipose Tissue: A Novel Potential Imaging Marker of Comorbidities Caused by Chronic
  53. Inflammation. Nutrients. 2022;14(14):2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14142926
  54. Guan B, Liu L, Li X, Huang X, Yang W, Sun S, et al. Association between epicardial
  55. adipose tissue and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition, Metabolism
  56. and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2021;31(9):2547-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.009
  57. Iacobellis G. Epicardial and pericardial fat: close, but very different. Obesity (Silver
  58. Spring, Md). 2009;17(4):625; author reply 6-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.575
  59. Bai J, Gao C, Li X, Pan H, Wang S, Shi Z, et al. Correlation analysis of the abdominal
  60. visceral fat area with the structure and function of the heart and liver in obesity: a prospective
  61. magnetic resonance imaging study. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2023;22(1):206.
  62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01926-0
  63. Hayden MR. Overview and New Insights into the Metabolic Syndrome: Risk Factors and
  64. Emerging Variables in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes and Cerebrocardiovascular Disease.
  65. Medicina. 2023;59(3):561. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030561
  66. Kim DS, Ok EJ, Choi BH, Joo NS. The Cutoff Pericardial Adipose Tissue Volume
  67. Associated with Metabolic Syndrome. Korean journal of family medicine. 2018;39(5):284-9.
  68. https://doi.org/10.4082%2Fkjfm.17.0027
  69. Iacobellis G. Epicardial adipose tissue in contemporary cardiology. Nature Reviews
  70. Cardiology. 2022;19(9):593-606. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-022-00679-9
  71. Talman AH, Psaltis PJ, Cameron JD, Meredith IT, Seneviratne SK, Wong DTL. Epicardial
  72. adipose tissue: far more than a fat depot. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. 2014;4(6):416-
  73. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2014.11.05
  74. Jeong J-W, Jeong MH, Yun KH, Oh SK, Park EM, Kim YK, et al. Echocardiographic
  75. epicardial fat thickness and coronary artery disease. Circulation Journal. 2007;71(4):536-9.
  76. Chaowalit N, Somers VK, Pellikka PA, Rihal CS, Lopez-Jimenez F. Subepicardial adipose
  77. tissue and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 2006;186(2):354-
  78. Greif M, Becker A, von Ziegler F, Lebherz C, Lehrke M, Broedl UC, et al. Pericardial
  79. adipose tissue determined by dual source CT is a risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis.
  80. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2009;29(5):781-6.
  81. Taguchi R, Takasu J, Itani Y, Yamamoto R, Yokoyama K, Watanabe S, et al. Pericardial fat
  82. accumulation in men as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 2001;157(1):203-
  83. Guglielmo M, Lin A, Dey D, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Muscogiuri G, et al. Epicardial fat and
  84. coronary artery disease: Role of cardiac imaging. Atherosclerosis. 2021;321:30-8.
  85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.02.008
  86. Golia E, Limongelli G, Natale F, Fimiani F, Maddaloni V, Russo PE, et al. Adipose tissue
  87. and vascular inflammation in coronary artery disease. World journal of cardiology. 2014;6(7):539-
  88. https://doi.org/10.4330%2Fwjc.v6.i7.539

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)